how modify hosts file in windows 7

Modifier le fichier hosts original de Windows 7 pour bloquer les serveurs de validation distants

modifier fichier host windows 7  

modifier fichier host windows

how modify hosts file in windows 7 

how to edit hosts file in windows 7

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network basics cisco ccna 1

Welcome to the CCNA 1 version 3.1 Instructor Guide. This guide is designed to make teaching
the CCNA 1 course a little easier. As an introduction to this guide, four themes will be
emphasized.

Student-centered, instructor-facilitated
The CCNA curriculum has not been designed as a stand-alone e-learning or a distance-
learning course. The Cisco Networking Academy Program is based on instructor facilitation.
The diagram "Learner Model: Academy Student" summarizes the emphasis that Cisco
Worldwide Education (WWE) puts on the student. The instructor utilizes activities, built from a
variety of resources, to help the students achieve desired understandings of networking.

                                            download course complete

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how to clean windows

setap 1 select analyse

Setap 2 select nettoyer

setap 3 fine nettoyage

setap 4 repair registry

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bios update windows 7

Your computer's BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is the first software your PC loads. It sets the stage for your operating system, so to speak, by finding all your PC's various hardware components and letting the operating system know it can use them.

As with any software, your computer or motherboard manufacturer periodically updates the BIOS to fix bugs, add compatibility with new devices, improve caching functions, and make several other hardware tweaks that can speed up your boot time and fix annoying issues. These updates are available at the manufacturer's site. But if you make a mistake in the update process, you risk rendering your PC unbootable. Here's how to make sure your BIOS update goes without a hitch.

Step 1: Identify your current BIOS version.

Check your BIOS version, without restarting your PC, by using msinfo32.exe (as described in the text).

The easiest way to find your BIOS version is to open up the System Information app in Windows--just type msinfo32 into the search bar (for Windows 7/Vista) or the Run box (XP), and click System Summary; your BIOS version should now show up on the right under your processor speed. Record your version number (and the date that appears afterwards, if applicable).

Step 2: Check your PC/motherboard manufacturer's Website for BIOS updates.

Most PC manufacturers handle BIOS updates based on your specific line and model, so head over to your manufacturer's support page and check its listings for your PC, because if you download and install a BIOS intended for a different model, your PC probably won't work (although most BIOS updaters are smart enough to notice if you try to install them on the wrong hardware). If there is a BIOS update file available, grab it--along with any documentation it comes with, because often warnings and specific instructions are contained in the Read Me docs.

Those of you who assembled your PC yourself will need to look for BIOS updates from your motherboard manufacturer's Website. If you don't remember your motherboard's model number, you can look it up without opening up the case by downloading and running CPU-Z and clicking on the Mainboard tab.

Step 3: Read the included documentation.

Your PC's BIOS handles a lot of the nuts and bolts.

The BIOS updater's Read Me file will most likely include a list of fixes and new functions, often to support new hardware. Updating the BIOS for my Lenovo Thinkpad T500, for example, added support for a new AC adapter and a 1600-by-900-pixel screen resolution on an external monitor; the update also fixed fan speed and Webcam issues that could not have been handled by updating Windows or my specific device driver software.

More important, however, were these notes in the Read Me file: If I was running Vista on my T500, I'd need to make sure that I had a certain patch installed; and if my T500 had a certain graphics card, I would need to update its drivers above a certain version before updating my BIOS. Read and reread your docs, or you might make your PC unable to boot without even knowing why.

Step 4: Update your BIOS.

Most newer PCs have a fairly easy BIOS update procedure: Just download the .exe file from your PC manufacturer's Website, quit all open programs, run the .exe, and let it handle the patch; then reboot. If your PC suddenly shuts down in the middle of the BIOS update, you won't be able to boot up, so make sure you're not running off a laptop battery. Ideally, you're plugged into an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), especially if you're in an area prone to blackouts.

Older PCs, however, might require you to set up your own bootable disk to update the BIOS yourself. You might still be able to download an app that configures a USB thumb drive, blank CD/DVD, or even a floppy disk so that you can boot off of it to update the BIOS, or an ISO image file that can be used in your disc-burning app of choice (if you don't have such an app, try ISO Recorder for Windows XP or the version for Windows 7/Vista) to create a BIOS update CD.

Other systems will have you copy a few files to your bootable disk, restart, and open up the BIOS during startup (typically by pressing a specified key for setup options), and change the boot order so your system looks for a bootable USB drive or CD before loading the OS from your hard drive.

source:http://www.pcworld.com/article/187437/how_to_update_your_bios.html

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How to set the path and environment variables in Windows

Windows Vista and Windows 7 users

1. From the Desktop, right-click My Computer and click Properties.
2. Click Advanced System Settings link in the left column.
3. In the System Properties window click the Environment Variables button.

Windows 2000 and Windows XP users

The path is now managed by Windows 2000 and Windows XP and not the autoexec.bat or autoexec.nt files as was done with earlier versions of Windows. To change the system environment variables, follow the below steps.

1. From the Desktop, right-click My Computer and click Properties.
2. In the System Properties window, click on the Advanced tab.
3. In the Advanced section, click the Environment Variables button.
4. Finally, in the Environment Variables window (as shown below), highlight the Path variable in the Systems Variable section and click the Edit button. Add or modify the path lines with the paths you wish the computer to access. Each different directory is separated with a semicolon as shown below.
   
   C:\Program Files;C:\Winnt;C:\Winnt\System32

  

 

key : windows 7 pro,windows 7 software windows 7 home

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windows 7 error codes

 Source: 1
 
Despite Windows operating system has been one of the most user friendly OS available in the market, but when it comes to dealing with errors, especially Blue Screen of Death or Black Screen of Death (BSoD), which existed since Windows 9x era, have many users have found that often, there is only a cryptic set of random alpha numeric codes been shown or displayed, with no explanation or further information.

Microsoft has information and description on the error codes which users may encounter in Windows NT operating system when the computer operates incorrectly, performs illegal operating or has normal operation failure. Although means for Windows NT, the list is mostly still in used, if not identical from Windows 95 through Windows 7, although in newer versions, more error codes can be expected, in more sophisticated terms.

-8	0xFFF8	LZERROR_UNKNOWNALG	Compression algorithm not recognized.
-7	0xFFF9	LZERROR_BADVALUE	Input parameter out of acceptable range.
-6	0xFFFA	LZERROR_GLOBLOCK	Bad global handle.
-5	0xFFFB	LZERROR_GLOBALLOC	Insufficient memory for LZFile structure.
-4	0xFFFC	LZERROR_WRITE	Out of space for output file.
-3	0xFFFD	LZERROR_READ	Corrupt compressed file format.
-2	0xFFFE	LZERROR_BADOUTHANDLE	Invalid output handle.
-1	0xFFFF	LZERROR_BADINHANDLE	Invalid input handle.
0L	0×0000	NO_ERROR	No error.
0L	0×0000	ERROR_SUCCESS	The operation was successfully completed.
1L	0×0001	ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION	The function is incorrect.
2L	0×0002	ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND	The system cannot find the file specified.
3L	0×0003	ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND	The system cannot find the specified path.
4L	0×0004	ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES	The system cannot open the file.
5L	0×0005	ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED	Access is denied.
6L	0×0006	ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE	The internal file identifier is incorrect.
7L	0×0007	ERROR_ARENA_TRASHED	The storage control blocks were destroyed.
8L	0×0008	ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY	Not enough storage is available to process this command.
9L	0×0009	ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK	The storage control block address is invalid.
10L	0x000A	ERROR_BAD_ENVIRONMENT	The environment is incorrect.
11L	0x000B	ERROR_BAD_FORMAT	An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format.
12L	0x000C	ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS	The access code is invalid.
13L	0x000D	ERROR_INVALID_DATA	The data is invalid.
14L	0x000E	ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY	Not enough storage is available to complete this operation.
15L	0x000F	ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE	The system cannot find the specified drive.
16L	0×0010	ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY	The directory cannot be removed.
17L	0×0011	ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE	The system cannot move the file to a different disk drive.
18L	0×0012	ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES	There are no more files.
19L	0×0013	ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT	The media is write protected.
20L	0×0014	ERROR_BAD_UNIT	The system cannot find the specified device.
21L	0×0015	ERROR_NOT_READY	The drive is not ready.
22L	0×0016	ERROR_BAD_COMMAND	The device does not recognize the command.
23L	0×0017	ERROR_CRC	Data error (cyclic redundancy check).
24L	0×0018	ERROR_BAD_LENGTH	The program issued a command but the command length is incorrect.
25L	0×0019	ERROR_SEEK	The drive cannot locate a specific area or track on the disk.
26L	0x001A	ERROR_NOT_DOS_DISK	The specified disk cannot be accessed.
27L	0x001B	ERROR_SECTOR_NOT_FOUND	The drive cannot find the requested sector.
28L	0x001C	ERROR_OUT_OF_PAPER	The printer is out of paper.
29L	0x001D	ERROR_WRITE_FAULT	The system cannot write to the specified device.
30L	0x001E	ERROR_READ_FAULT	The system cannot read from the specified device.
31L	0x001F	ERROR_GEN_FAILURE	A device attached to the system is not functioning.
32L	0×0020	ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION	The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process.
33L	0×0021	ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION	The process cannot access the file because another process has locked a portion of the file.
34L	0×0022	ERROR_WRONG_DISK	The wrong disk is in the drive. Insert %2 (Volume Serial Number: %3) into drive %1.
36L	0×0023	ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED	Too many files opened for sharing.
38L	0×0024	ERROR_HANDLE_EOF	Reached End Of File.
39L	0×0025	ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL	The disk is full.
50L	0×0032	ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED	The network request is not supported.
51L	0×0033	ERROR_REM_NOT_LIST	The remote computer is not available.
52L	0×0034	ERROR_DUP_NAME	A duplicate name exists on the network.
53L	0×0035	ERROR_BAD_NETPATH	The network path was not found.
54L	0×0036	ERROR_NETWORK_BUSY	The network is busy.
55L	0×0037	ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST	The specified network resource is no longer available.
56L	0×0038	ERROR_TOO_MANY_CMDS	The network BIOS command limit has been reached.
57L	0×0039	ERROR_ADAP_HDW_ERR	A network adapter hardware error occurred.
58L	0x003A	ERROR_BAD_NET_RESP	The specified server cannot perform the requested operation.
59L	0x003B	ERROR_UNEXP_NET_ERR	An unexpected network error occurred.
60L	0x003C	ERROR_BAD_REM_ADAP	The remote adapter is not compatible.
61L	0x003D	ERROR_PRINTQ_FULL	The printer queue is full.
62L	0x003E	ERROR_NO_SPOOL_SPACE	Space to store the file waiting to be printed is not available on the server.
63L	0x003F	ERROR_PRINT_CANCELLED	File waiting to be printed was deleted.
64L	0×0040	ERROR_NETNAME_DELETED	The specified network name is no longer available.
65L	0×0041	ERROR_NETWORK_ACCESS_DENIED	Network access is denied.
66L	0×0042	ERROR_BAD_DEV_TYPE	The network resource type is incorrect.
67L	0×0043	ERROR_BAD_NET_NAME	The network name cannot be found.
68L	0×0044	ERROR_TOO_MANY_NAMES	The name limit for the local computer network adapter card exceeded.
69L	0×0045	ERROR_TOO_MANY_SESS	The network BIOS session limit exceeded.
70L	0×0046	ERROR_SHARING_PAUSED	The remote server is paused or is in the process of being started.
71L	0×0047	ERROR_REQ_NOT_ACCEP	The network request was not accepted.
72L	0×0048	ERROR_REDIR_PAUSED	The specified printer or disk device has been paused.
80L	0×0050	ERROR_FILE_EXISTS	The file exists.
82L	0×0052	ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE	The directory or file cannot be created.
83L	0×0053	ERROR_FAIL_I24	Fail on INT 24.
84L	0×0054	ERROR_OUT_OF_STRUCTURES	Storage to process this request is not available.
85L	0×0055	ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED	The local device name is already in use.
86L	0×0056	ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD	The specified network password is incorrect.
87L	0×0057	ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER	The parameter is incorrect.
88L	0×0058	ERROR_NET_WRITE_FAULT	A write fault occurred on the network.
89L	0×0059	ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS	The system cannot start another process at this time.
100L	0×0064	ERROR_TOO_MANY_SEMAPHORES	Cannot create another system semaphore.
101L	0×0065	ERROR_EXCL_SEM_ALREADY_OWNED	The exclusive semaphore is owned by another process.
102L	0×0066	ERROR_SEM_IS_SET	The semaphore is set and cannot be closed.
103L	0×0067	ERROR_TOO_MANY_SEM_REQUESTS	The semaphore cannot be set again.
104L	0×0068	ERROR_INVALID_AT_INTERRUPT_TIME	Cannot request exclusive semaphores at interrupt time.
105L	0×0069	ERROR_SEM_OWNER_DIED	The previous ownership of this semaphore has ended.
106L	0x006A	ERROR_SEM_USER_LIMIT	Insert the disk for drive 1.
107L	0x006B	ERROR_DISK_CHANGE	Program stopped because alternate disk was not inserted.
108L	0x006C	ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED	The disk is in use or locked by another process.
109L	0x006D	ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE	The pipe was ended.
110L	0x006E	ERROR_OPEN_FAILED	The system cannot open the specified device or file.
111L	0x006F	ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW	The file name is too long.
112L	0×0070	ERROR_DISK_FULL	There is not enough space on the disk.
113L	0×0071	ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES	No more internal file identifiers available.
114L	0×0072	ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE	The target internal file identifier is incorrect.
117L	0×0075	ERROR_INVALID_CATEGORY	The IOCTL call made by the application program is incorrect.
118L	0×0076	ERROR_INVALID_VERIFY_SWITCH	The verify-on-write switch parameter value is incorrect.
119L	0×0077	ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL	The system does not support the requested command.
120L	0×0078	ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED	The Application Program Interface (API) entered will only work in Windows/NT mode.

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Delete your cache and other browser data

 

You have control over your browsing data. This data includes things like your browsing and download history and saved form data. Use the "Clear browsing data" dialog to delete all your data or just a portion of your data, collected during a specific period of time.

Delete all your data

1. Click the Chrome menu on the browser toolbar.
2. Select Tools.
3. Select Clear browsing data.
4. In the dialog that appears, select the checkboxes for the types of information that you want to remove.
5. Use the menu at the top to select the amount of data that you want to delete. Select beginning of time to delete everything.
6. Click Clear browsing data.

Delete specific items from your browsing data

Instead of deleting entire categories of your browsing data, you can pick specific items to delete. Click these links to see more instructions.
surce http://support.google.com/chrome/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=95582

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NTLDR is missing-Windows 7 Fix

“NTLDR is missing” is a notorious error message that usually bugs the Windows XP users, but it can also occur in Windows 7 even though it is an old Windows 2000/XP loader.  Windows 7 utilizes BOOTMGR instead of NTLDR, but there are  variety of reasons where users get “NTLDR is missing” error message in Windows 7.  It happens if you have an improper dual boot setup or due to improper Windows XP to Windows 7 upgrade, among several other reasons.  If you are having same issue with Windows XP, then try this tutorial: NTLDR Windows XP Fix.  This tutorial will highlight some effective ways to fix NTLDR is missing issue:

How to fix “NTLDR is missing” in windows 7:

Method#1: System Repair

• Insert the Windows 7 setup or System Repair CD into the CD/DVD drive and then restart your PC.

• Now boot into your Windows 7 setup CD/DVD.  If you have a Dell PC, then press F12, or F9 for HP, to access the boot menu.  It usually tells you what you need to press to access the boot menu during boot up.  If you are not sure, check your vendor’s documentation.  Select boot into CD/DVD.

• Now press any key to boot from Windows 7 CD when prompted.

NOTE: Make sure you press ANY key sooner as it only will boot into hard drive if you didn’t press any key with around 10 seconds.

•  Windows 7 installer will then pop up asking for language, format and input method.  Make appropriate selections and then click on Next to continue.

• Now click on Repair your computer.

•  It will then detect and list all installed operating systems.  Choose appropriate OS from the list and click on Next.

NOTE: If you notice the list is blank then don’t panic; it is normal.  Click on Next either way.

• From the System Recovery Options, choose Startup Repair. Let it do its thing and acknowledge any notifications it might display.

After repair, it will restart your computer and should fix the issue.  If you still see the “NTLDR is missing” message, then try method #2.
Method#2: Bootrec and Check Disk (chkdsk)
Follow steps 1-5 from the method #1.
6.  This time instead of startup repair choose Command Prompt.
7.  Now at the command prompt, type in the following commands, and press Enter.
bootrec /FixMbr
Bootrec /FixBoot
Bootrec /RebuildBcd
chkdsk drive: /f
chkdsk drive: /r
Note: Replace drive with the proper drive letter where your Windows 7 operating system resides.
You can also try other useful chkdsk commands and Recovery Console commands.  You can also check addition info from Microsoft support forum.
If problem persists, let me know in the comment section below.
source :http://techsnafu.com/how-to/ntldr-missing-windows-7-fix/
mot :how to fix computer,repair ntldr,what is ntldr

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linux and windows 7 dual boot

Dual Boot Your Pre-Installed Windows 7 Computer with Ubuntu

You have a new computer that came with Windows 7 pre-installed on it, and you want to create a dual boot system so you can run Ubuntu Linux as well. Here we take you through the process to install Ubuntu on your pre-installed Windows 7 machine.
For this demonstration we’re using Windows 7 Home Premium (32-bit) and Ubuntu 9.10 (32-bit)
Install Ubuntu
Here we will set up a basic dual boot system with the Ubuntu 9.10 disc that will create GRUB as your boot loader. On the Window 7 machine pop in the Ubuntu disc and boot from it.

If you experience a problem with the graphics with Ubuntu not displaying correctly, go back to the start screen, hit F4 and select Safe graphics mode.

Continue through the installation steps by selecting your language, time zone, and keyboard layout. When you get to the following screen (step 4 of 6), the easiest method for beginners is to select the first option– Install them side by side, choosing between them each startup. On the first bar you’ll see is the entire Windows 7 partition. Then on the second bar, you can slide it up or down to specify the amount of hard drive space you want for Ubuntu.

The green area represents the amount of space we’re leaving for Windows 7, and the brown is the space we’re allocating for Ubuntu.In this example we’re sliding it down to 10GB and leaving the rest for Windows.

Click continue to the verification dialog box.

In the next step create your user name, password, and configure log in options.

If everything looks good, go ahead and click Install. If you need to make any changes you can still go back and make them at this point.
 
The installation will start showing a progress bar and display new features in Ubuntu 9.10.

The amount of time it takes to install will vary from system to system, and once it’s complete, go ahead and restart the machine.

When the machine reboots you’ll see the GRUB loader where you can boot to Ubuntu or Windows 7.

One thing to point out in my experience with this method is when you first boot into Windows 7, Check Disk runs, then reboots and you need to choose the Windows 7 option again from the bootloader.

Conclusion
This should help get you started in enjoying a Windows 7 / Ubuntu Linux dual boot configuration. There are definitely other ways to get a Windows / Linux dual boot system, but if you want a quick method, so you can try out Ubuntu, this method works well.
source  http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/9059/dual-boot-your-pre-installed-windows-7-computer-with-ubuntu/

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Card Recovery Professional

Recover lost or deleted photos from memory card such as SD card

CardRecoveryPro is an easy-to-use card recovery software that can effectively recover deleted or lost photos, music, video, and multimedia files from almost all digital cards after instances like deletion, corruption and formatting, etc. Using CardRecoveryPro is safe and risk-free. The software performs read-only operations on your memory card. It doesn't move, delete, or modify the data on the card to avoid causing further damage or overwriting. It recovers the photos, music, video, and multimedia files from the source memory card and saves them to the destination location you specify in just a few steps. Simple procedure! Amazing effect!

Preview Recovery:Display of recoverable photos or files as thumbnails. Batch Recovery:Recover multi files at one time. Safe Recovery:The recovery process is safe and risk-free. Support All Devices:Camera, SD card, Cell Phone, Memory Card, USB, PC, Mac, MP3 and more. Simple & Interactive GUI:The software can be easily used by any user. Complete Do-It-Yourself and Risk free, only 3 steps: connect deviceScan Select files and recover!

CardRecoveryPro is an easy-to-use card recovery software that recovers deleted/lost photos, music, video, and multimedia files from almost all digital card after instances like deletion, corruption, formatting.
                           
                                                  Download

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How to Create a Generic Windows XP Image

What this article is supposed to help you accomplish is to make a single image with the help of Sysprep, that can be deployed onto any PC regardless of it's hardware. This will save server space as each model will no longer need its own image file, and make updating images with new software or Windows Patched much easier.
In theory this is supposed to be done with Symantec Ghost; however I will do my best to keep it to a minimum so that hopefully Altiris RapidDeploy, Norton Ghost and other image programs will work with this. This is also intended for Windows XP, but very slight modifications can be done to make it work for Vista.
Also note that this is a guide, not a cookbook. What I am putting in here works for me and should be used for reference. At the end of this article I will post other links to web sites that I researched to figure out how to use Sysprep, so I suggest reading this and those web sites and create your own procedure based on the tools you have and your needs.

Step 1: Preparing Windows XP

The first thing you will need is a clean install or clean image of Windows. This is essentially a brand new copy of Windows installed on the computer.
Next you will need to configure Windows XP. What you need to do is remove any software that you don't want on every PC (such as the Games folder for example), install software every user will need (The updated Adobe Reader and Ghost Console Client for example), and change the Windows settings (turning off the firewall for example).
What you do not want to do is install software that only one department in your company will need. For example you do not want to install any Computer Aided Drafting programs drafters will use but no one else will.
Essentially what you want to do is get the PC ready so that when you install the image onto a new PC, it is ready to accept a user's specific software and settings and then go out the door. I figure most companies like mine will already have procedures on this and what they expect to be on a basic image.

Step 2: Collecting PnP Drivers

You're going to have a lot of files so I suggest you start organizing right away.

1. First, create a folder called Sysprep in the OS drive (mostly C:)
2. Inside the Sysprep folder create another folder called "Drivers"

Now you should have small file tree of C:\Sysprep\Drivers
The idea is to have all of the basic Sysprep files you will be using inside the Sysprep folder, and all of the Plug and Play (PnP) drivers sorted in the drivers folder.
Now you will need to start hunting down the drivers which is always tons of fun. I suggest going to the manufacturer's website and search for the drivers each model uses, but do not download them. Instead find out who makes what and get the model number.
Then I suggest going to each manufacturer and download the drivers from there directly. That way you are sure to have the most recent drivers available.
The drivers I suggest are:

1. Network card
2. Chip or BUS drivers
3. Audio drivers
4. Video drivers
5. Mass storage drivers*
   *If your using GSS, you can use the DeployAnywhere tool to insert these drivers.

As you download these files, I suggest not putting them in the Sysprep directory, instead put them in a temp folder somewhere. The reason is that most drivers you download are in an .exe format and you will need to extract them.
To extract drivers from an .exe file you will need to run the file with the switch to extract them. Most of the time there is a help file that will tell you what it is. Sometimes running it with /? Will give you the options.
When you have the switch, there are two ways I like to run it. One is to use the command prompt and type it in manually. The other is to just make a Windows Shortcut of the .exe file, edit it to add the switches.
For example most of the Intel drivers require an /e switch to extract and /f to tell it where to extract.

As was pointed out to me, another way to extract the drivers from .exe files is to use WinZip or WinRAR. To see how to do this, please go here: https://www-secure.symantec.com/connect/blogs/how-extract-drivers-self-installing-executable
One you have all of the drivers needed for all of the models of computers you plan to use this on you should have a file tree that looks something like this:

Lastly, before you move on, I suggest cleaning up your folders some to remove any applications and drivers you will not need (DOS, Windows 98 drivers for example). However don't be too worried about the size of your Sysprep folder because after it runs for the first time it is deleted automatically.

Step 3: Preparing Sysprep

For Sysprep you will need to get the deploy.cab file from Microsoft. If you have Windows XP SP 3, you can go here: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=673a1019-8e3e-4be0-ac31-70dd21b5afa7&displaylang=en
If you have another version of Windows XP, you will need to get the correct deploy.cab file, so please use caution.
Now that you have the deploy.cab file, you will need to open it and extract all of the files to the c:\Sysprep folder we made earlier.
You will now need to run the setupmgr.exe application to create a Sysprep.ini file that will guide your computer threw setting up Windows. I will not tell you every step you will follow, I'll just go over the highlights.
Use the following steps to go threw Setupmgr.exe:

1. Choose the Sysprep setup.
2. Answer that you want to fully automate the installation
3. Then start filling in the data that best suites your needs.
        A. Product Key: You will need to use one provided by Microsoft, if you type in an OEM key, your Windows will need to be reactivated 30 days after being reimaged. Please go to the following link for more information:  http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457078.aspx
        B. Computer name: I suggest a random computer name and joining to a generic workgroup. Reason for this is so you can image more than one PC and you wont have any trouble with multiple names on the domain, and it will keep your Active Directory clean. You can use the configuration task in GSS or just manually change the PC name and join it to the domain when your setting it up for an end user.

So now you should have your Sysprep.ini file somewhere. Locate it and open it up, there is still some more to do.
You will need to put the following information in the Sysprep.ini file. In the following picture, you will have some of these lines, the ones you do not, you will need to add to your Sysprep.ini file.

This next picture is the Sysprep.ini file I use with some slight modifications.

If you have any further questions about Sysprep, I will have a bunch of links underneath. Please check those before asking about them here.

Step 4: Putting it all together

By this point you should have:

1. A clean version of Windows with basic software and settings.
2. All of the PnP drivers for every model of PC you plan to put this image onto.
3. A Sysprep.ini file ready to go.

Now I suggest you go to the following web site: http://www.vernalex.com/tools/spdrvscn/index.shtml
For this guide you will need to download SPDrvScn. The reason for it is because we need to tell Windows to load all of our drivers into the registry otherwise Windows will not look there when it searched for PnP drivers. There is a way to type it into the SysPrep.ini file, but it holds very few drivers before it gets capped.
When you download it, put it in the C:\Sysprep folder. When you have it downloaded, run it once in Windows mode and have it scan. Make sure it scans all of the drivers you will need. If you drivers are in c:\Sysprep\Drivers you should be good to go. Next you will need to create a batch file:

Now you are almost ready to start. First thing is that after all of your hard work, I suggest you copy your C:\Sysprep folder and all of the drivers to a safe location, such as a network server. The reason for this is if you need to do this again, such as to run MS updates, you can skip steps 2 and 3. You would just re-image the PC, update it, copy the Sysprep folder to the PC and kick off the script.
At this time, if you are using a Boot Disk/CD/Flash drive to capture the image of the PC, now is the time to put it in.
At this time run the Sysprep.bat file. Your computer will reboot. This is when you must capture the image. When you are done capturing the image, go ahead a boot the PC normally and let it run. It will go into a mini-Windows setup as it scans for PnP drivers.
When it is complete, open the Device Manager and make sure you add any drivers Windows is missing to your saved Sysprep folder and create another image.

Links

These are most of the places I went to learn how to do this. As I said before, this is not a cookbook. I would recommend going to these sites and teaching yourself how to use Sysprep, then you can tailor it to your needs.
The site to get SPDrvScn and learn how to use it any why: http://www.vernalex.com/tools/spdrvscn/index.shtml
Some Microsoft sites:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/314479 http://support.microsoft.com/kb/302577/EN-US/ http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb457078.aspx
Some info on Sysprep for Vista: http://blogs.technet.com/backroom/archive/2007/02/08/automate-your-vista-factory-installations.aspx
https://www-secure.symantec.com/connect/articles/building-standard-vista-image
Another Sysprep guide: http://blog.hishamrana.com/2006/02/22/how-to-image-windows-xp-with-ghost-and-sysprep
A guide on how to extract drivers useing WinZIP and WinRAR: https://www-secure.symantec.com/connect/blogs/how-extract-drivers-self-installing-executable

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How Do Windows Tablets Differ From The First Generation Of Traditional Tablets?

Microsoft is well on its way to establishing a top position in the tablet market. Windows tablets have continuously evolved to meet the demands of consumers and business professionals on the go. Each new tablet release has incorporated newer technologies and features. This is particularly the case with the release of the new Windows 8 tablets. With all the technological advancements included in the newest tablets, they have evolved and now differ greatly from the first generation of traditional tablets.

Within the Windows tablet, there is an actual hard drive rather that the traditional flash drive that was found in earlier versions. These new and improved tablets have many more features than the first generation of traditional tablets such as USB slots that permit other devices to be connected to it as well as a memory card slot that effectively becomes portable storage for the tablet. Many now come equipped with an HDMI port that gives users the ability to directly connect to HDMI devices and screens. In the past tablets were more of a stand-alone device used for personal entertainment. Now they can be fully integrated in your arsenal of high tech gadgets and devices used to get work done.

The hardware that comes with these new and improved tablets provides many important benefits. The most notable is the capability to run full desktop applications, again making these devices full work horses instead of one trick ponies. Since they support and run full programs, you now have the capability to transfer files from your computer to the tablet. You have all of the editing and viewing capabilities of your home computer on your portable and convenient tablet. In addition, unlike earlier version tablets, the Windows tablets can play HD videos, which mean superior multimedia capabilities. All these features mean that you can really impress the crowd during your next meeting by instantly recalling documents, graphs or videos and sharing them with fellow workers or clients.

You can do much more with the current Windows tablets than you ever could do with the first generation tablets. Another key difference is the newer tablets have support capabilities for additional hardware. For instance, they can support TV tuners and printers. In addition, Windows tablets have touch screens that can be written on using a stylus. The stylus can be used just like a mouse so you can paste, copy, undo, delete, and scroll up or down. You can even cut text to use in a particular program or send via e-mail. Another feature of the windows tablet that distinguishes it from the earlier predecessors is the handwriting recognition technology that can be used for both text and numbers. Written numbers can be imported into a word processing program for easy and immediate storage.

Operating a Windows tablet can often seem like you are operating a mini desktop, as they are equipped with everything you need to do work that you would do on a desktop. Tablet buttons can be easily configured to do a number of particular tasks or key commands. A button can be assigned to open emails or specific programs. These new and improved tablets are the real deal. They are full functioning tools as they come with a hard drive, file system, storage, and plenty of capacity, giving users plenty of flexibility for work and fun.

Learn more about the latest Windows 7 tablet at www.toshiba.ca - one of the largest producers of tablets and other mobile computing gadgets like ultrabooks and smart notebooks.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Patrick_A_Thompson

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